![]() ![]() The order of commits on a branch can be changed by initiating an interactive rebase, and reordering the commits with the help of the editor. Squashing Commits Squashing Commits Applying Extra Changes to the Last Commit Applying Extra Changes to the Last Commit Update the Commit Message of a Specific Commit Update the Commit Message of a Specific Commit Reordering Commits (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours) Your branch and 'origin/topic/.' have diverged,Īnd have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively. Immediately after that, the head branch must be force-pushed: For that, the simplest procedure is to find the common ancestor, then use the following syntax, assuming we are on the head branch we want to move forward: It is sometimes desirable to move an entire branch forward, "in top" of its base branch, to take advantage of the latest developments on the base branch, without necessarily merging. The procedure is described below:įixing a Merge Broken by Base Branch Rebase Move a Branch Forward It is still possible to rebase/merge with minimum of effort, without to have to wade through a massive amount of conflicts. It is not uncommon to attempt to merge into a base branch only to find out that the base branch itself was rebased, so the commits we were relying on were rewritten. What to Do if the Base Branch was itself Rebased Before doing that, don't we want to pull -rebase the base branch? git checkout Īt the end of this step, the branches still exist, but now the head branch can be merged into the base brach by fast forwarding it - a merge commit is not required. The advantage of doing that is that when the merge occurs, is a simple fast forward merge, and no additional merge commit is created - the changes required by the merge are already worked into the commits that are rebased. The result of the operation is that all commits applied on the head branch are shifted at the top of the base branch - a side effect is that the commits are modified in the process (the history is rewritten). One might to "shift" the head branch in preparation of a merge of the head branch into the base brach. Rebasing removes the commits that are being rebased and creating new, equivalent ones.Īlso see: Rewriting History Practical Use Cases Merge by Rebasing However, rebase can also be used when only one branch is involved to modify the message of the last commit, or even arbitrary commits, reorder commits, delete commits or coalesce several logically-related commits into one commit ( squash commits). Merging two branches as described above is the main use case for the rebase. Rebasing rewrites history, by removing the commits that are being rebased and creating new, equivalent ones. This modification allows us to merge the head branch into the base branch without having to create a merge commit - the base branch can simply be fast forwarded with the commits from the head branch. Intuitively, is equivalent with shifting and morphing each commit of the head branch, after the common ancestor, in top of the base branch. ![]() Rebasing works as follows: the operation goes to the common ancestor of the head branch (the branch you are on) and base branch (the branch you're rebasing into), getting the diff introduced by each head branch commit, saving these diffs into temporary files, resetting the head branch to the same commit as the base branch, and the finally applying each change in turn. Rebasing is one of the two main ways to integrate changes from a branch into another.
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